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by Tom Sparkes
I recently read an article in Airborne magazine which I do not entirely
agree with. As a musical instrument repairer I am knee deep in piano wires
every day, and after 38 years of wrestling with the stuff I am sure I can
offer a few tips on taming the beast.
Choice
My experience is that the colour of the wire can be a guide to its
quality. Usually wire of a dull grey colour will be far less brittle than
the bright and shiny (almost silver) colour that comes in kits from the
Far East.
Bending
Small diameter wire usually does not present much of a problem, however
larger diameter can present a real problem. What is needed is a propane
burner, one of the jewellers pin-point burners is ideal and can be purchased
from large hardware stores. A good vice; a good hammer and some reasonable
arm muscle is also a must. Try the following on some small scrap bits first
till you get the hang of it.
The secret is how much you heat the wire, too much and you have ruined
it forever, not enough and it will break. Carefully heat the wire just
where you want the bend to a colour just past blue, halfway between the
blue colour and dark straw. Quickly transfer to the vice, and make your
bend, being careful not to make it too sharp. Proceed with all the other
bends you want to make, then let the wire cool naturally without quenching.
Now proceed to normalise the entire piece by heating the whole thing to
just a dull purple colour, no more, and dunk in a previously prepared bath
of oil. Any mineral oil will do. Remember to always wear safety goggles
just in case!
Drilling holes
Yes, you can drill piano wire! For things like split pins in scale
undercarriages and for any other reason. It is best to use a Carbide drill
of the right size that can be bought from an Engineer's supply house (not
an ordinary hardware store!). Remember to use some lubricant when drilling,
if you do not have any cutting oil then ordinary lubricating oil will do.
You must first grind a small flat area on the wire and centre punch it
otherwise your drill will slip on the wire.
Remember that Carbide drills are very brittle so drill carefully when
you are getting near to the "break through". You can drill a hole with
an ordinary drill if you cannot bring yourself to buy a Carbide one, but
the hole must be in a spot on the wire that has no stress on it, such as
the very end of the axle to retain a wheel.
Heat the very end of the wire to a bright cherry red just at the end
where you want to drill, and while it is still glowing quickly start the
drilling. You will have to re-heat a few times before you get through the
wire, the heat will not unduly affect the drill (as long as you don't heat
the drill with the torch).
Tapping
You can actually tap a thread in the end of piano wire as well! The
top wing of my Fokket Triplane is held on this way! The thread will have
to be consistent with the diameter of the wire of course. Grind a "lead"
on the end of the wire first, this can be ground off later. You will need
a good quality ground thread tool steel die (not the cheaper carbon variety)
and again heat the very end of the wire to dull purple and quickly thread
while it is still hot. Nomalise after you have finished as previously explained.
Happy bending/drilling/tapping. Remember that practice makes perfect
and always test the final product before you bolt it into your favourite
creation in case you made a mistake and you have embrittled the wire. |